Nexus使用背景
使用Maven构建项目时，通常会使用Nexus作为公司的本地Maven仓库，这样在没有连接外网的情况下还是可以使用公司私服，并且团队协同开发时，可以使用同一个私服避免版本冲突引起没必要的问题，下面介绍Nexus的安装与使用，已做记录。
Nexus安装
先去官网下载Nexus安装包，这里我下载的是nexus-2.14.8-01版本
下载地址 https://www.sonatype.com/download-oss-sonatype
安装前Nexus前，先介绍下Nexus目录结构
nexus-2.14.8-01：是nexus的核心文件
sonatype-work ：maven下载jar存放地址
将nexus-2.14.8-01上传至服务器后，进行配置文件修改
先进入nexus的配置目录
cd /opt/nexus/nexus-2.14.8-01/conf
修改nexus配置文件
vi nexus.properties
application-port=18888
application-host=0.0.0.0
nexus-webapp=${bundleBasedir}/nexus
nexus-webapp-context-path=/nexus
nexus-work=${bundleBasedir}/../sonatype-work/nexus
runtime=${bundleBasedir}/nexus/WEB-INF
修改root登录配置
vi /nexus
RUN_AS_USER = root
vi /etc/profile
Export RUN_AS_USER=root
source /etc/profile 使变量立即生效
至此，nexus服务就已经安装完毕了，然后启动nexus服务，使用浏览器进行访问web页面。
启动nexus命令如下：
/soft/nexus2.14/nexus2.14/bin nexus start
访问地址 http://127.0.0.1:18888/nexus
如果访问失败，需要查看下防火墙是否开启了18888端口
访问防火墙状态
/bin/systemctl status iptables.service
开启防火墙
chkconfig iptables on
开启nexus18888端口
iptables -A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 18888 -j ACCEPT
保存开启的端口号
service iptables save
重新启动防火墙
service iptables restart
Nexus的使用
nexus 默认用户名和密码 admin admin123
Maven私服Nexus用户介绍
- admin：该用户拥有Nexus的全部权限，默认密码为admin123。则账号：admin/admin123
- deployment：该用户能够访问Nexus，浏览仓库内容、搜索、上传部署构件，但是不能对Nexus进行任何配置，默认密码为deployment123。则账号：deployment/deployment123
- anonymous：该用户对应了所有未登录的匿名用户，它们可以浏览仓库并进行搜索。
Maven私服Nexus主要的Repository
- Public Repositories：这是一个Repository Group，该Repository Group包含了多个Repository，其中包含了Releases、Snapshots、ThirdParty和Central。
- 3rd party：该Repository即是存放你公司所购买的第三方软件库的地方，它是一个由Nexus自己维护的一个Repository。
- Apache Snapshots：看名字你就应该知道这是个什么样的Repository，这是一个代理Repository，即最终的依赖还是得在Apache官网上去下载，然后缓存在Nexus中。
- Central：这就是代理Maven Central Repository的Repository。
- Releases：你自己的项目要发布时，就应该发布在这个Repository，他也是Nexus自己维护的Repository，而不是代理。
- Snapshots：你自己项目Snapshot的Repository。
Nexus使用方法
在项目的pom.xml或者settings.xml文件里加入一下配置信息（区别，pom.xml是针对当前项目，settings.xml是全局的针对所有项目）,配置信息中的id,name和url跟上图中的仓库对应，type为proxy，说明它只是代理，只能用于下载jar包，不能用于发布项目。
以下给一个示例配置信息：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--
Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file
distributed with this work for additional information
regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file
to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
"License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
software distributed under the License is distributed on an
"AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
specific language governing permissions and limitations
under the License.
-->
<!--
| This is the configuration file for Maven. It can be specified at two levels:
|
| 1. User Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration for a single user,
| and is normally provided in ${user.home}/.m2/settings.xml.
|
| NOTE: This location can be overridden with the CLI option:
|
| -s /path/to/user/settings.xml
|
| 2. Global Level. This settings.xml file provides configuration for all Maven
| users on a machine (assuming they're all using the same Maven
| installation). It's normally provided in
| ${maven.home}/conf/settings.xml.
|
| NOTE: This location can be overridden with the CLI option:
|
| -gs /path/to/global/settings.xml
|
| The sections in this sample file are intended to give you a running start at
| getting the most out of your Maven installation. Where appropriate, the default
| values (values used when the setting is not specified) are provided.
|
|-->
<settings xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/SETTINGS/1.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/settings-1.0.0.xsd">
<!-- localRepository
| The path to the local repository maven will use to store artifacts.
|
| Default: ${user.home}/Documents/yueluMaven/repository-->
<!--<localRepository>${user.home}/Documents/yueluMaven/repository</localRepository>-->
<!-- interactiveMode
| This will determine whether maven prompts you when it needs input. If set to false,
| maven will use a sensible default value, perhaps based on some other setting, for
| the parameter in question.
|
| Default: true
<interactiveMode>true</interactiveMode>
-->
<!-- offline
| Determines whether maven should attempt to connect to the network when executing a build.
| This will have an effect on artifact downloads, artifact deployment, and others.
|
| Default: false
<offline>false</offline>
-->
<!-- pluginGroups
| This is a list of additional group identifiers that will be searched when resolving plugins by their prefix, i.e.
| when invoking a command line like "mvn prefix:goal". Maven will automatically add the group identifiers
| "org.apache.maven.plugins" and "org.codehaus.mojo" if these are not already contained in the list.
|-->
<pluginGroups>
<!-- pluginGroup
| Specifies a further group identifier to use for plugin lookup.
<pluginGroup>com.your.plugins</pluginGroup>
-->
</pluginGroups>
<!-- proxies
| This is a list of proxies which can be used on this machine to connect to the network.
| Unless otherwise specified (by system property or command-line switch), the first proxy
| specification in this list marked as active will be used.
|-->
<proxies>
<!-- proxy
| Specification for one proxy, to be used in connecting to the network.
|
<proxy>
<id>optional</id>
<active>true</active>
<protocol>http</protocol>
<username>proxyuser</username>
<password>proxypass</password>
<host>proxy.host.net</host>
<port>80</port>
<nonProxyHosts>local.net|some.host.com</nonProxyHosts>
</proxy>
-->
</proxies>
<!-- servers
| This is a list of authentication profiles, keyed by the server-id used within the system.
| Authentication profiles can be used whenever maven must make a connection to a remote server.
|-->
<servers>
<!-- server
| Specifies the authentication information to use when connecting to a particular server, identified by
| a unique name within the system (referred to by the 'id' attribute below).
|
| NOTE: You should either specify username/password OR privateKey/passphrase, since these pairings are
| used together.
|
<server>
<id>deploymentRepo</id>
<username>repouser</username>
<password>repopwd</password>
</server>
-->
<!-- Another sample, using keys to authenticate.
<server>
<id>siteServer</id>
<privateKey>/path/to/private/key</privateKey>
<passphrase>optional; leave empty if not used.</passphrase>
</server>
-->
<server>
<id>nexus</id>
<username>admin</username>
<password>admin123</password>
</server>
<server>
<id>releases</id>
<username>admin</username>
<password>admin123</password>
</server>
<server>
<id>snapshots</id>
<username>admin</username>
<password>admin123</password>
</server>
<server>
<id>thirdparty</id>
<username>admin</username>
<password>admin123</password>
</server>
</servers>
<!-- mirrors
| This is a list of mirrors to be used in downloading artifacts from remote repositories.
|
| It works like this: a POM may declare a repository to use in resolving certain artifacts.
| However, this repository may have problems with heavy traffic at times, so people have mirrored
| it to several places.
|
| That repository definition will have a unique id, so we can create a mirror reference for that
| repository, to be used as an alternate download site. The mirror site will be the preferred
| server for that repository.
|-->
<!-- mirror
| Specifies a repository mirror site to use instead of a given repository. The repository that
| this mirror serves has an ID that matches the mirrorOf element of this mirror. IDs are used
| for inheritance and direct lookup purposes, and must be unique across the set of mirrors.
|
<mirror>
<id>mirrorId</id>
<mirrorOf>repositoryId</mirrorOf>
<name>Human Readable Name for this Mirror.</name>
<url>http://my.repository.com/repo/path</url>
</mirror>
-->
<mirrors>
<mirror>
<id>nexus</id>
<mirrorOf>central</mirrorOf>
<name>Nexus</name>
<url>http://127.0.0.1:18888/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
</mirror>
</mirrors>
<!-- profiles
| This is a list of profiles which can be activated in a variety of ways, and which can modify
| the build process. Profiles provided in the settings.xml are intended to provide local machine-
| specific paths and repository locations which allow the build to work in the local environment.
|
| For example, if you have an integration testing plugin - like cactus - that needs to know where
| your Tomcat instance is installed, you can provide a variable here such that the variable is
| dereferenced during the build process to configure the cactus plugin.
|
| As noted above, profiles can be activated in a variety of ways. One way - the activeProfiles
| section of this document (settings.xml) - will be discussed later. Another way essentially
| relies on the detection of a system property, either matching a particular value for the property,
| or merely testing its existence. Profiles can also be activated by JDK version prefix, where a
| value of '1.4' might activate a profile when the build is executed on a JDK version of '1.4.2_07'.
| Finally, the list of active profiles can be specified directly from the command line.
|
| NOTE: For profiles defined in the settings.xml, you are restricted to specifying only artifact
| repositories, plugin repositories, and free-form properties to be used as configuration
| variables for plugins in the POM.
|
|-->
<profiles>
<!-- profile
| Specifies a set of introductions to the build process, to be activated using one or more of the
| mechanisms described above. For inheritance purposes, and to activate profiles via <activatedProfiles/>
| or the command line, profiles have to have an ID that is unique.
|
| An encouraged best practice for profile identification is to use a consistent naming convention
| for profiles, such as 'env-dev', 'env-test', 'env-production', 'user-jdcasey', 'user-brett', etc.
| This will make it more intuitive to understand what the set of introduced profiles is attempting
| to accomplish, particularly when you only have a list of profile id's for debug.
|
| This profile example uses the JDK version to trigger activation, and provides a JDK-specific repo.
<profile>
<id>jdk-1.4</id>
<activation>
<jdk>1.4</jdk>
</activation>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>jdk14</id>
<name>Repository for JDK 1.4 builds</name>
<url>http://www.myhost.com/maven/jdk14</url>
<layout>default</layout>
<snapshotPolicy>always</snapshotPolicy>
</repository>
</repositories>
</profile>
-->
<!--
| Here is another profile, activated by the system property 'target-env' with a value of 'dev',
| which provides a specific path to the Tomcat instance. To use this, your plugin configuration
| might hypothetically look like:
|
| ...
| <plugin>
| <groupId>org.myco.myplugins</groupId>
| <artifactId>myplugin</artifactId>
|
| <configuration>
| <tomcatLocation>${tomcatPath}</tomcatLocation>
| </configuration>
| </plugin>
| ...
|
| NOTE: If you just wanted to inject this configuration whenever someone set 'target-env' to
| anything, you could just leave off the <value/> inside the activation-property.
|
<profile>
<id>env-dev</id>
<activation>
<property>
<name>target-env</name>
<value>dev</value>
</property>
</activation>
<properties>
<tomcatPath>/path/to/tomcat/instance</tomcatPath>
</properties>
</profile>
-->
<profile>
<id>nexus</id>
<repositories>
<repository>
<id>nexus</id>
<name>Nexus</name>
<url>http://127.0.0.1:18888/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</repository>
</repositories>
<pluginRepositories>
<pluginRepository>
<id>nexus</id>
<name>Nexus</name>
<url>http://127.0.0.1:18888/nexus/content/groups/public/</url>
<releases>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</releases>
<snapshots>
<enabled>true</enabled>
</snapshots>
</pluginRepository>
</pluginRepositories>
</profile>
</profiles>
<!-- activeProfiles
| List of profiles that are active for all builds.
|
<activeProfiles>
<activeProfile>alwaysActiveProfile</activeProfile>
<activeProfile>anotherAlwaysActiveProfile</activeProfile>
</activeProfiles>
-->
<activeProfiles>
<activeProfile>nexus</activeProfile>
</activeProfiles>
</settings>
